New Trends in Judicial Review of Ecological and Environmental Administrative Penalty Cases in the Context of Rule of Law in siness Environment—— Based on the empirical analysis of 560 judgment documents Abstract：

Abstract

The ideal business environment is one in which the rule of law reigns supreme. The improvement of the busi - ness climate, which is also the focus of the efforts of the Hangzhou Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government, has been recognized as the “No. 1 Reform Project” for 2023 by the Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee and Provincial Government. As a result, ecological and environmental law enforcement has grown to incorporate a high level of specialization, a wide range of methods, and severe procedures. This was espe - cially true following the Measures on Ecological and Environmental Administrative Penalties, and judicial review by the People’s Courts resulted in minor changes to the procedural and substantive elements of envi - ronmental law enforcement, as well as the flexible application of laws and regulations. Following the inclusion of ecological and environmental administrative penalty cases in the lawsuit, the high-frequency disputes of the people’s court’s judicial review are generally centered in factual and evidentiary decisions, legal procedures, and administrative discretion. It demonstrates that it is more respectful of administrative authorities’ judgments in the context of the rule of law age in the corporate environment. The essay analyzes 560 judicial decisions from the past five years and examines 45 administratively failed verdicts. Furthermore, it illustrates a new trend in review that gives administrative organs’ judgment more weight, stresses the strictness of administra - tive processes, and provides greater emphasis to the rule of law in the business sphere.